ABSTRACT An Indian folklore medicinal plant, Toddalia asiatica (L.) Lam. was investigated for phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activity. Preliminary phytochemical screening of various extracts of the aerial parts revealed the presence of various classes of compounds such as sugars, alkaloids, phenolic compounds, catachins, saponins and anthroquinines. Bioassay of antimicrobial activity of aerial parts of ethanol, chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts showed significant activity against the human pathogens such as Enterobacter faecalis causing nosocomial infections, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa causing urinary tract infections and Serratia marcescens causing wound and urinary tract infections. The antimicrobial activity of the ethanol, chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts showed concentration-dependent activity against all the tested bacteria with the zone of inhibition at various concentrations. Thus the findings revealed the medicinal potential of Toddalia asiatica against various infectious diseases to develop a drug